What is Zakat?
Zakat is the third pillar of Islam, and it is one of the important pillars because relates to society and helps in the well-being public. Zakat term for taking part in treasures that have been required by Allah to be given to entitled groups to accept it.
Condition mandatory Muslims giving zakat (Muzzaki)
- Muslim
- Baligh
- Sensible
- Assets owned reach nisab
Group entitled to receive zakat (Mustahik)
- Poor people
- Administrator (amil zakat)
- Converts to Islam
- People in debt
- People who struggle on the road to God
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Proposition of Zakat
وَاَقِيۡمُوا الصَّلٰوةَ وَاٰتُوا الزَّكٰوةَ وَارۡكَعُوۡا مَعَ الرّٰكِعِيۡنَ ٤٣
“And perform the prayer, pay zakat and bow with those who bow” (Al-Baqarah: 43)
That verse explains that Allah instructs people Muslim To pay zakat, and zakat is legally obligatory and mandatory to get along well third Islam.
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All Kinds of Zakat
- Zakat fitrah is zakat that is paid at the time of the month of Ramadan by every Muslim who has excess food principal. Zakat fitrah usually forms rice with The obligation is 2.5 kg of rice per person.
- Zakat Mal is emit part assets owned by Muslims are given to those who are entitled to accept. Mandatory assets issued Zakat: gold, silver, and money, zakat on the proceeds income services (professional zakat) trade and companies as well as results agriculture and plantations, results mine.
- Provision zakat maal nisab worth 85 grams of EMS per year which is treasure results income/earnings routine.
- Calculation of zakat maal: Net value assets x 2.5%
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Purpose of Zakat
According to Yusuf Qardawi objective Zakat has 3 parts that are:
- The purpose of zakat for muzakki (person who gives zakat) is to clean the self from characteristics of naughty, greed, and selfishness as well as grow an attitude of empathy and generosity.
- The purpose of zakat for mustahik (those who are given zakat) is: to help fulfill needs live and distance the self from characteristic envy.
- The purpose of zakat is for the public to grow an attitude of solidarity among Muslims and realize socio-economic justice for the public as well as form realization of function treasure as a tool struggle on the road to God.
In the modern era of progress technology so fast with almost 5 billion internet users throughout the world in 2023 and in Indonesia there are 221 million internet users figure of 79.5%, based on data that progress technology has Lots used by people all over the world, including Indonesia, of course progress technology This can influence behavior everyone included behavior in transaction. Can We know that transaction digital finance in Indonesia in 2022 will increase by 66.65%, of course matter This shows exists acceleration of digital transactions using technology and of course influence on the transaction system including transaction current zakat payment This can done digitally
What is Digital Zakat?
Traditionally zakat is managed through the Amil Zakat Institution works as an intermediary between muzakki and mustahik. Digital zakat is a zakat management system with utilizes technology information and communication in the administration process, use of technology also includes activity collection, distribution, and reporting of zakat.
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Why We should try Digital Zakat in The Modern Era?
- Application digital-based zakat management has an impact on accountability zakat management so with make use of technology Zakat institutions can increase transparency, accuracy, and efficiency in the management of zakat funds.
- Application digital-based zakat fund management can influence the acceleration growth of zakat because, with the use of technology practices, more zakat management is efficient and easily accessed giving zakat ( muzzaki ) easier To provide their zakat funds.
- Application digital-based zakat management can increase trust in muzzaki Because reporting of zakat funds used technology is more transparent making it easier muzzaki For to monitor and verify their funds are used and given to those who are entitled.
How to Implementation Zakat in The Modern Era?
Activity transactions we have lot influenced daily by technology including payment systems bills, ordering food, and shopping using the worldwide website, or something more often we use is e- e-commerce application. Likewise with the current zakat payment system, This Can use an application platform that can be downloaded via smartphones, tablets, PC, etc, or via the Zakat Institution website.
Application platforms digital wallet and digital shopping working together with the management agency zakat:
- DANA digital wallet in collaboration with wallet Dhuafa
- LinkAja with feature LinkAja sharing and working together with BAZNAS (National Zakat Amil Agency), Wallet Dhuafa, and Rumah Zakat in distribution zakat, donation as well as alms.
- Gojek, application This not only provides service service transportation but also service distribution of zakat funds with the feature GoGive, which collaborates with Rumah Zakat, Lazismu, Kitabisa.com, and Wallet Dhuafa.
- Tokopedia, there is a calculator feature zakat that makes it easier for muzzaki to know the amount of zakat that will be given in the distribution of zakat fitrah, and zakat maal, tokopedia works together with BAZNAS, Wallet Dhuafa, Rumah Zakat, Rumah Yatim.
- Bukalapak, application this also provides feature payment of zakat fitrah, zakat maal, profession cooperate with Lazismu , Baznas , and Dompet Dhuafa .
- Muzaki Corner is an application distribution of zakat issued by BAZNAS with a number of methods of payment such as via bank account and e-wallet.
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Distribution of Zakat in Indonesia
Distribution of zakat in Indonesia is usually carried out by the National Zakat Amil Agency (BAZNAS). form distribution of zakat funds with form a program
- The BAZNAS Economic Program is a business capital assistance program for mustahiq. Not only the provision of capital but also learning about production and marketing in doing business.
- BAZNAS Scholarship, award scholarship or help Education money for groups that are not capable /poor
- House Healthy BAZNAS, this program forms the distribution of zakat in field service health for the mustahik
- Convert to Islam Program Center BAZNAS (MCB) is the charge program do coaching and mentoring to convert to Islam by the guidance of Sharia Islam.
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Conclusion
In the modern era This use of internet technology has become part important in every activity performed people Muslims including transaction finance is one of them in payment of zakat, with use technology every transaction more efficient and easy done so that people Muslim No There is reason For No pay zakat appropriately time and with encouraged use of technology distribution of more zakat funds transparent so that distribution of more zakat funds maximum and more easy verified and monitored by the people Muslims. You can pay zakat based on digital technology become the right choice in the modern era.
Also Read: Memaksimalkan Potensi Zakat
References:
Bank Indonesia, https://www.bi.go.id/id/publikasi/ruang-media/cerita-bi/Pages/Pandemi-Penjangan-Digitisasi.aspx
Association Organizer Indonesian Internet Services (APJII), https://apjii.or.id/berita/d/apjii-nomor-user-internet-indonesia-tembus-221-juta-orang#:~:text=Association%20Penelenggara%20Jasa% 20Internet%20Indonesia%20(APJII)%20announces%20number of%20users%20internet, souls%20population%20Indonesia%20years%202023 .
Ersi Sisdianto, Ainul Fitri, Desi Isnaini (2021), “Penerapan Pembayaran Zakat Digital Dalam Persefektif Ekonomi Islam (Cashless Society)”, Jurnal Ilmiah Keuangan dan Perbankan, Volume 4(2) 112-123
Rahmini Hadi , Yoiz Sofwa Shafrani , Goddess L, Sugeng Riyadi , Basrowi , (2024), “Digital Zakat Management, transparency in zakat reporting and the zakat payroll system toward zakat management accountability and its implications on zakat growth acceleration”, International Journal of Data and Networks Series, Volume 8(1) 597- 608
Loso Judianto , Eko Sudarmanto , Asri Ady B, Jasiah , M. Irawan , (2024),” Analysis of Effectiveness and Challenges of Digital Zakat Management: Case Study on Shopee and Tokopedia ”, West Science Islamic Studies, Volume 2(1) 1-7