Islamic Economics Islamic Finance Muslim Lifestyle

How Caliphs Refused Salaries as Public Officials

Devin Halim Wijaya5 September 2024

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Islamic history records many inspiring stories of caliphs who refused to accept salaries as the highest state officials. This decision was not only a form of austerity, but also demonstrated their integrity, honesty, and commitment to Islamic principles. These caliphs carried out the mandate of leadership with full responsibility, placed the welfare of the people above personal interests, and lived with great simplicity, in accordance with the teachings of their religion.

Abu Bakr Ash-Shiddiq: Simplicity and Trustworthiness

Abu Bakr Ash-Shiddiq, the first caliph after the death of the Prophet, was known for his simplicity and steadfastness in carrying out his mandate. When he was appointed as caliph, Abu Bakar initially refused to accept a salary from Baitul Maal. He felt that leading the people was an honour and responsibility that should not be given excessive material rewards.

However, after pressure from his companions, he agreed to accept a very minimal allowance, just enough for his basic daily needs. This shows how high his integrity and awareness of his responsibilities as a leader. In fact, to make ends meet, Abu Bakr had to sell some of his personal assets. This attitude reflects that Abu Bakr placed the trust and confidence of the people above personal interests.

Also read:The Story of Abu Bakr Radhiyallahu Anhu’s Generosity in Giving Away All His Possessions

Umar bin Khattab: Firm and Just

The second caliph, Umar bin Khattab, was also known for his attitude of refusing facilities and large salaries. Umar was firm and fair in exercising his leadership. When his companions proposed that he get a bigger allowance, Umar refused firmly. He believed that as a leader, he must live simply, just like the people he led. Umar would often reprimand officials under him who tried to utilise their positions for personal gain. He applied the principle of justice very strictly, ensuring that no official could utilise his position to enrich himself. Umar’s firmness made him one of the most respected leaders in Islamic history.

Also read:Social Justice in Islamic Social Finance

Umar bin Abdul Aziz: The Caliph of Zuhud

Umar bin Abdul Aziz, a caliph of the Umayyad Dynasty, was known for his profound zuhud. Despite coming from a wealthy family, after becoming caliph, Umar bin Abdul Aziz handed over all his wealth to Baitul Maal. He also refused to accept the salary to which he was entitled as caliph. Umar chose to live on the income from a small plot of land he owned before becoming a leader.

This action showed Umar’s level of piety and adherence to the principles of Islam. He felt that the wealth generated from his position as caliph did not belong to him, but to the people. His zuhud life made Umar bin Abdul Aziz one of the most respected caliphs and is remembered for his piety and integrity.

Also read:Islamic Economic System and the Prohibition of Interest (Riba)

Lessons for Today’s Leaders

The stories of these caliphs provide valuable examples for today’s leaders. In an increasingly materialistic world, refusing salaries and luxurious perks for the sake of the people is a rare but important gesture. These caliphs taught us that leadership is a mandate that must be carried out with responsibility and integrity, not a means to enrich oneself. In the modern era, where corruption and abuse of power are major issues, the example of these caliphs is particularly relevant. They showed that power should not be a tool for personal gain, but should be used to serve and improve the welfare of the people.

Conclusion

In Islamic history, the caliphs who refused state salaries and facilities not only showed austerity, but also demonstrated a high level of faith and honesty. They are clear examples of leaders who put the people’s interests above their own, and carried out their mandate with full responsibility. Their story is a very relevant example for today’s leaders, who are expected to emulate the attitude of zuhud, simplicity, and justice in carrying out leadership duties.

Also read:What is Financial Independence for a Muslim?